Aveilut (Mourning) הלכות אבלות
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7Siman 7 — Laws of AninutSiman 7 · 55 seifim
- 1.One whose relative has died, for whom he is…
- 2.The onen may not recite HaMotzi, Birkat HaMazon, or…
- 3.An onen who hears a blessing from a fellow…
- 4.An onen who mistakenly transgressed and recited some blessing…
- 5.Some say it is permitted for an onen to…
- 6.If possible, it is proper not to inform relatives…
- 7.An onen is forbidden to eat meat and drink…
- 8.Some say other strong beverages are not included in…
- 9.One who was eating meat and drinking wine, and…
- 10.Soup cooked with meat — some say it is…
- 11.An onen who wishes to be stringent with himself…
- 12.Outside the Land, in places where burial of the…
- 13.One who received a telegram that his brother died…
- 14.Family members accompanying the deceased's coffin to burial in…
- 15.One who learns of a relative's death through a…
- 16.An onen who transgressed and recited Shema during the…
- 17.Although the onen is exempt from the mitzvot, and…
- 18.An onen whose deceased lies before him is obligated…
- 19.An onen who ate and became full, and the…
- 20.A minor onen under 13 years old is permitted…
- 21.One whose relative dies on Shabbat or a festival,…
- 22.An onen who heard Havdalah from another person at…
- 23.After the burial, he may recite the morning blessings…
- 24.One whose relative died, and who learns of this…
- 25.One who was sitting doing work forbidden to a…
- 26.One who was standing in the midst of the…
- 27.One who was reciting Birkat HaMazon, and in the…
- 28.The onen does not count toward a minyan, and…
- 29.One whose relative died at the close of Shabbat,…
- 30.If the deceased died and was buried on Rosh…
- 31.Although the onen is exempt from all positive commandments…
- 32.Some say that if the onen needed to relieve…
- 33.An onen is forbidden to bathe, anoint himself, greet…
- 34.One whose relative died, while he is wearing new…
- 35.It is forbidden for an onen to sit on…
- 36.As long as the deceased has not been buried,…
- 37.One sitting shiva for a relative, who in the…
- 38.If the son is a Torah scholar whom many…
- 39.One who instructed before his death that specifically one…
- 40.An onen who needs to circumcise his son must…
- 41.A sofer (scribe) who wrote tefillin while an onen…
- 42.One who attached tzitzit to his tallit while an…
- 43.An onen, although exempt from the mitzvot, need not…
- 44.An onen who lives near a synagogue and hears…
- 45.An onen present in the synagogue does not exempt…
- 46.An infant who dies within thirty days of birth…
- 47.An infant born at nine months, who due to…
- 48.Anyone for whom mourning is not observed also does…
- 49.One who takes his own life — even if…
- 50.A groom whose father died, or whose bride's mother…
- 51.Immediately after the grave is sealed — that is,…
- 52.Since the mourner is forbidden to work, therefore an…
- 53.An onen who wishes to give charity at the…
- 54.An onen who is a Kohen does not perform…
- 55.An onen is exempt from the Shema recited before…
+Laws of the Onen on Festivals and Various Times of the YearLaws of the Onen on Festivals and Various Times of the Year · 24 seifim
- 56.One whose relative died on a festival should make…
- 57.An onen on a festival should sit at the…
- 58.An onen at the close of a festival cannot…
- 59.One whose relative died on Rosh Hashanah has the…
- 60.One whose relative dies on Yom Kippur does not…
- 61.An onen on the first day of Sukkot, if…
- 62.Although mourning does not apply during the intermediate days…
- 63.The onen is exempt from sitting in the sukkah…
- 64.An onen on the eve of Sukkot, if he…
- 65.One whose relative dies on Simchat Torah, which falls…
- 66.The onen during the days of Chanukah is exempt…
- 67.An onen during Chanukah who hears the blessings over…
- 68.One who was an onen on the first night…
- 69.Although the onen is forbidden to eat meat and…
- 70.An onen who heard the reading of the Megillah…
- 71.An onen on the night of checking for chametz…
- 72.The onen should nullify the chametz on the night…
- 73.One whose relative became an onen on the morning…
- 74.One whose relative dies on the first night of…
- 75.The onen must recline on the night of Pesach…
- 76.An onen whose deceased lies before him, who is…
- 77.An onen who heard the blessing for counting the…
- 78.The onen is obligated to fast on public fast…
- 79.An onen on Tisha B'Av nowadays, when comfortable cloth…
8Siman 8 — The Prohibition Against Leaving the Dead Unburied OvernightSiman 8 · 16 seifim
- 1.One whose death has been determined by experts —…
- 2.The primary reason the Torah forbade leaving the dead…
- 3.If one died at the beginning of the night,…
- 4.Some say that if one died during the day,…
- 5.Even if the deceased was thoroughly wicked all his…
- 6.A deceased person's body held by enemies, who demand…
- 7.Even if the deceased instructed before his death that…
- 8.If one died on Friday night, burial should not…
- 9.Where possible, it is a mitzvah to guard the…
- 10.The custom is to recite Psalms around the deceased,…
- 11.An onen should not recite Psalms next to the…
- 12.If the deceased is in a refrigeration room, or…
- 13.It is permitted to accept payment for guarding the…
- 14.The deceased requires guarding even on Shabbat and festivals,…
- 15.A deceased person not eulogized properly according to his…
- 16.Some instruct the chevra kadisha members to perform on…
9Siman 9 — Laws of Keriah (the Rending of Garments)Siman 9 · 26 seifim
- 1.One whose relative dies, being among the deceased for…
- 2.The most proper time for tearing would be while…
- 3.One must tear while standing; if he tore while…
- 4.While tearing, one should not lean against a wall…
- 5.The place for tearing is in front; but if…
- 6.The measure of the tear is a handbreadth, at…
- 7.For all other deceased relatives, one may tear by…
- 8.The onen must recite the blessing "the true Judge"…
- 9.If they forgot to tear, and the day the…
- 10.Ba'alei teshuvah (returnees to observance) whose parents died several…
- 11.Even if the mourner refuses to tear, contrary to…
- 12.As a matter of strict law, one should tear…
- 13.One who is present at the moment a Jewish…
- 14.In any case, the custom nowadays has developed that…
- 15.The custom nowadays is not to tear for a…
- 16.One is obligated to tear his shirt for his…
- 17.One wearing a sweater in place of a shirt,…
- 18.One wearing expensive and fine clothing, who wishes to…
- 19.One need not tear his sleepwear — pajamas or…
- 20.Women too are obligated to tear for the deceased…
- 21.A minor whose relative dies has a tear made…
- 22.One whose two relatives died together, or who received…
- 23.One who was told his father died, and tore,…
- 24.One does not tear for the deceased on Shabbat…
- 25.The custom of the holy city of Jerusalem, may…
- 26.A groom whose relative dies within his own seven…
+The Law of Keriah for One Who Sees a Burned Torah ScrollThe Law of Keriah for One Who Sees a Burned Torah Scroll · 7 seifim
- 27.One who sees a Torah scroll being burned, or…
- 28.One who hears that a Torah scroll was burned…
- 29.It is good to be stringent and not look…
- 30.Torah scrolls burned, due to our many sins, in…
- 31.One who placed a Torah scroll in the Ark,…
- 32.One whose sukkah burned down, with all the decorations…
- 33.Regarding the tragedy that occurred, due to our many…
10Siman 10 — The Mitzvah of Accompanying the DeadSiman 10 · 37 seifim
- 1.There is a rabbinic positive commandment to accompany the…
- 2.The custom is that those accompanying the deceased four…
- 3.Those participating in the funeral should make an effort…
- 4.What is said about suspending Torah study to accompany…
- 5.Regarding a woman — some say her law is…
- 6.Regarding the fact that nowadays many are lenient and…
- 7.The custom of the holy city of Jerusalem, may…
- 8.One who has before him both a deceased person…
- 9.It is permitted for a groom and bride within…
- 10.Even in a place where one need not accompany…
- 11.One riding on a bus who sees through the…
- 12.One who was sitting in his house while a…
- 13.One should be careful not to praise the deceased…
- 14.The custom in the Land of Israel is that…
- 15.An onen who has a yahrtzeit during the time…
- 16.Some onenim refrain from reciting the chapter "Yoshev BeSeter…
- 17.It is permitted for an onen to eulogize his…
- 18.One who died leaving behind a minor son who…
- 19.In many places the custom is to collect charity…
- 20.In the house where the deceased lies, there is…
- 21.A Torah scroll is not placed on the bier…
- 22.One buries deceased non-Jews and comforts their mourners, for…
- 23.According to the holy Zohar, women should not accompany…
- 24.As a matter of strict law, it is permitted…
- 25.One should not go to the cemetery except for…
- 26.One leaving the cemetery, and likewise one returning from…
- 27.One entering the graves of the righteous, such as…
- 28.At the time of washing upon returning from a…
- 29.Even one entering a non-Jewish cemetery must wash his…
- 30.One returning from a funeral should not wash his…
- 31.One who sees Jewish graves, once every thirty days,…
- 32.One who does not know how to recite the…
- 33.One who sees a cemetery on Shabbat or a…
- 34.At the outset, an onen should not recite the…
- 35.One who saw a Jewish cemetery and recited the…
- 36.One should maintain the custom that the chevra kadisha's…
- 37.As a matter of strict law, one should bare…
11Siman 11 — The Obligation of Eulogy and For Whom One EulogizesSiman 11 · 8 seifim
- 1.We find in the Torah and Prophets that the…
- 2.The custom is to eulogize women as well, according…
- 3.It is written in the book Ma'avar Yabok that…
- 4.One should not eulogize throughout the days of Chanukah,…
- 5.Even nowadays it is permitted to hold a eulogy…
- 6.One who instructed before his death not to be…
- 7.No bier of a deceased person should be brought…
- 8.A Torah scholar who dies on a festival —…
12Siman 12 — Things Done in Honor of the Dead That Do Not Fall Under the Prohibition of Gentile CustomsSiman 12 · 6 seifim
- 1.Those who follow the custom of placing wreaths of…
- 2.As a matter of strict law, it is permitted…
- 3.It is not proper to plant trees, roses, or…
- 4.The custom in several cemeteries to sow grass and…
- 5.Those who follow the custom of wearing a black…
- 6.Some have the custom that if, Heaven forbid, tragedy…
13Siman 13 — Laws of the Meal of Consolation (Se'udat Havra'ah) for Mourners and Birkat HaMazon in the House of MourningSiman 13 · 20 seifim
- 1.Mourners returning from the cemetery are forbidden to eat…
- 2.A woman mourner is given the meal of consolation…
- 3.Some say it is permitted for a woman to…
- 4.The essential se'udat havra'ah, at the outset, consists of…
- 5.The custom is that consolation is given only with…
- 6.It is good that, in addition to the mourners,…
- 7.A se'udat havra'ah must also be held on Rosh…
- 8.It is permitted to drink a cup of coffee…
- 9.One whose relative died on the eve of Shabbat,…
- 10.The custom of the holy city of Jerusalem, may…
- 11.It is permitted for a mourner not to eat…
- 12.If the deceased was buried during the twilight period…
- 13.One whose deceased was buried on a festival, or…
- 14.One who received a distant report [of a relative's…
- 15.If two mourners are sitting at the se'udat havra'ah,…
- 16.When reciting Birkat HaMazon in the house of mourning,…
- 17.The correct wording for concluding the third blessing of…
- 18.In the fourth blessing of Birkat HaMazon recited in…
- 19.It is permitted for mourners to lead the zimun…
- 20.When reciting Birkat HaMazon in the house of mourning…
14Siman 14 — The Obligation of Mourning: For Whom One Must Mourn, and Who Is Obligated in MourningSiman 14 · 25 seifim
- 1.Mourning is observed only for seven relatives, namely: one's…
- 2.The Rambam writes: it is a positive commandment to…
- 3.Our current custom is that a person does not…
- 4.Reuven, who died without children, whose wife was awaiting…
- 5.An infant who dies after a full thirty 24-hour…
- 6.Twins, one of whom died within thirty days and…
- 7.An infant born at term, who lived more than…
- 8.An infant born in the sixth month of pregnancy,…
- 9.One should not train a minor to observe the…
- 10.In any case, regarding the recitation of Kaddish, it…
- 11.No aninut whatsoever applies to a minor boy or…
- 12.A minor whose father or mother died, who comes…
- 13.One who was married to a non-Jewish woman and…
- 14.One who instructed before his death that his body…
- 15.One who instructed his sons before his death that…
- 16.One who gave his consent that if he became…
- 17.Nowadays, mourning is observed as usual even for one…
- 18.Brothers who had a quarrel between them, in which…
- 19.One who raised an orphan in his home for…
- 20.A woman who remarried after her husband died, and…
- 21.A woman who died while in conflict with her…
- 22.There is no doubt that children sit shiva for…
- 23.A woman whose first husband died and who remarried…
- 24.A met mitzvah (an unclaimed corpse with no one…
- 25.If a person who has no relatives at all…
+A Sick Person or New Mother Who Did Not Observe Mourning: Must They Complete the Seven Days Upon Recovery?A Sick Person or New Mother Who Did Not Observe Mourning: Must They Complete the Seven Days Upon Recovery? · 1 seifim
Read this siman →15Siman 15 — When Mourning BeginsSiman 15 · 13 seifim
- 1.The seven days of mourning begin, and the laws…
- 2.A deceased person buried during twilight (bein hashmashot), where…
- 3.One whose close relative died, for whom he is…
- 4.One who arrives home and finds his parents and…
- 5.If one of the sons or brothers is outside…
- 6.If one of the relatives is outside the Land,…
- 7.The halachic authorities disagree as to who is called…
- 8.A head of household who went out to serve…
- 9.A groom who married, and two days later his…
- 10.One who received news by telegram that his brother…
- 11.In an actual case involving an unmarried young man…
- 12.One whose relative died on the eve of a…
- 13.A woman whose father died on Monday, whose brothers…
16Siman 16 — The Prohibition of Work for a MournerSiman 16 · 33 seifim
- 1.These are the things a mourner is forbidden in:…
- 2.What does "work" mean? Throughout the seven days of…
- 3.Some say that on the third day, a poor…
- 4.An owner of a factory or gas station and…
- 5.A mourner is forbidden to perform work during the…
- 6.A mourner is forbidden to write a letter of…
- 7.A Torah scroll found to have letters joined or…
- 8.It is permitted for a sofer within his seven…
- 9.One who has a store or business in partnership,…
- 10.Two partners running a store, one of whom experiences…
- 11.The requirement for partners to close their store applies…
- 12.A store or factory with both non-Jewish and Jewish…
- 13.A mourner who has a partner in another city,…
- 14.If the mourner is employed by others, he should…
- 15.If the mourner had accepted work belonging to others,…
- 16.One who is a salaried employee receiving a monthly…
- 17.It is permitted to accept work during his days…
- 18.If, before his days of mourning, he had already…
- 19.A town's shochet (ritual slaughterer) who experiences a mourning…
- 20.A doctor who experiences a mourning event, whose patients…
- 21.A synagogue sexton (shamash) within his seven days of…
- 22.A taxi driver who experiences a mourning event is…
- 23.One whose relative dies during Chol HaMoed, who sits…
- 24.A woman whose husband is a mourner, who works…
- 25.It is clear that a woman whose husband is…
- 26.Our widespread custom is to be lenient and permit…
- 27.It is also permitted for the mourners themselves to…
- 28.It is permitted for a mourner to water the…
- 29.It has already been explained that one who has…
- 30.One whose relative is dangerously ill and about to…
- 31.One who began a business transaction and did not…
- 32.The widespread custom is that when a mourning event…
- 33.Partners, one of whom experienced a mourning event, and…
17Siman 17 — The Prohibition of Laundering During the Seven Days of MourningSiman 17 · 14 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden to launder his clothes throughout…
- 2.If he gave clothes for dry cleaning before becoming…
- 3.If the garment the mourner is wearing becomes slightly…
- 4.Just as mourners are forbidden to launder, they are…
- 5.It is forbidden to change the sheets and bedding…
- 6.A mourner within the seven days is forbidden to…
- 7.Even during the hot summer days, a mourner within…
- 8.If the head of the family is sitting shiva…
- 9.One who experiences a mourning event immediately after finishing…
- 10.Minors whose father or mother died, or one of…
- 11.After the seven days, mourners are permitted to launder…
- 12.One mourning for his father or mother is forbidden…
- 13.It is permitted for a mourner within the seven…
- 14.One should not paint or whitewash the house during…
18Siman 18 — The Prohibition of Bathing for a MournerSiman 18 · 12 seifim
- 1.A mourner within the seven days is forbidden to…
- 2.If he is soiled with mud or the like,…
- 3.A mourner with a severe skin condition, who according…
- 4.The Sephardic custom is that immediately on the seventh…
- 5.It is permitted to enter a steam room (sauna)…
- 6.One who experiences a mourning event immediately after finishing…
- 7.Even on the eve of Shabbat, mourners are forbidden…
- 8.A mourning woman who has given birth and needs…
- 9.A woman who needs to bathe within the seven…
- 10.A woman within her seven days of mourning whose…
- 11.A woman who experiences a mourning event is forbidden…
- 12.The custom among women is not to wear their…
19Siman 19 — The Mourner Is Forbidden Marital RelationsSiman 19 · 5 seifim
- 1.It has already been explained above that a niddah…
- 2.One whose relative died without his knowledge has no…
- 3.A woman who was at her husband's house when…
- 4.One who was told that his eldest daughter died,…
- 5.One whose wife was very ill, and people came…
20Siman 20 — The Mourner Is Forbidden to Wear Leather ShoesSiman 20 · 8 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden to wear leather shoes, whether…
- 2.It is permitted for a mourner to wear wooden…
- 3.If the mourner has no cloth shoes permitted for…
- 4.Some say it is forbidden for a mourner to…
- 5.The entire prohibition applies to a mourner who wishes…
- 6.One who learns while on the road that his…
- 7.The father of a son within his seven days…
- 8.Some have written that since the mourner is forbidden…
21Siman 21 — The Mourner Sitting on the Ground and the Law of Overturning the BedSiman 21 · 12 seifim
- 1.Throughout the seven days, a mourner sits only on…
- 2.A pregnant mourning woman is permitted to sit on…
- 3.The widespread custom is that when mourners come to…
- 4.A Torah scholar whom the public needs, who delivers…
- 5.The custom has developed to be lenient and sleep…
- 6.A mourner within the seven days, visited by a…
- 7.A mourner is obligated to stand before a Torah…
- 8.A son sitting shiva for his mother together with…
- 9.A son sitting shiva for his mother, even though…
- 10.Indeed, all this applies when the son is sitting…
- 11.It is permitted for a son to wear his…
- 12.Since a son should not bathe together with his…
22Siman 22 — The Mourner Is Forbidden Torah StudySiman 22 · 29 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden to study Torah, since it…
- 2.It is permitted for a mourner to study ethical…
- 3.Women sitting shiva are likewise forbidden to study Torah…
- 4.The essential obligation of Torah study still applies to…
- 5.It is permitted for a mourner to recite Pirkei…
- 6.At the outset, it is not proper for a…
- 7.Those accustomed to reciting eighteen chapters of Mishnah daily…
- 8.It is permitted for a mourner to recite the…
- 9.A mourner should not recite "Chok LeYisrael" or the…
- 10.A mourner is forbidden to study Torah even on…
- 11.A mourner is forbidden to contemplate words of Torah…
- 12.The current custom of relating a Torah teaching or…
- 13.A person known for his diligence, his passion and…
- 14.A Torah scholar who issues halachic rulings and lectures…
- 15.Even though a mourner is forbidden to study Torah…
- 16.A mourner is forbidden to read science books, encyclopedias,…
- 17.Where there would be a financial loss, it is…
- 18.A mourner within his seven days of mourning does…
- 19.Even on the Shabbat that falls within, a mourner…
- 20.A mourner within seven days on Tisha B'Av may…
- 21.If there is no one else to read the…
- 22.One who purchased the aliyah of Chatan Torah or…
- 23.One whose relative died during the festival of Sukkot…
- 24.Some say it is permitted for a mourner to…
- 25.A halachic authority is permitted to issue rulings to…
- 26.It is permitted for the town's rabbi to issue…
- 27.A mourner who is a judge (dayan) in the…
- 28.A mourner who has young children should not, God…
- 29.It is permitted for a mourner to smoke cigarettes…
23Siman 23 — The Law of Greetings for a MournerSiman 23 · 17 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden to greet others. How so?…
- 2.Nowadays many follow the lenient practice regarding merely saying…
- 3.If many people come to comfort him, it is…
- 4.One who telephones a halachic authority during his days…
- 5.It is permitted for a mourner to lower his…
- 6.On Shabbat it is permitted to say to mourners…
- 7.At the time of reciting the blessing on the…
- 8.It is permitted to say to mourners "good morning,"…
- 9.A mourner to whom a daughter is born, or…
- 10.The custom of some comforters, who extend their hand…
- 11.It is permitted to recite a "Mi SheBeirach" for…
- 12.It is permitted for others to greet one another…
- 13.One who is within the twelve months of mourning…
- 14.Just as it is forbidden to greet mourners, so…
- 15.One who is a mourner within the twelve months…
- 16.A mourner within the twelve months for a father…
- 17.A bride within her year of mourning for her…
24Siman 24 — The Law of Wrapping the HeadSiman 24 · 1 seifim
Read this siman →25Siman 25 — The Law of Tefillin for a MournerSiman 25 · 6 seifim
- 1.A mourner is exempt from the mitzvah of tefillin…
- 2.Even if the deceased died at night and was…
- 3.One whose relative died on Sunday, and was buried…
- 4.One whose relative died on Shabbat, and who was…
- 5.The mourner dons Rabbeinu Tam tefillin throughout his seven…
- 6.One who is informed that his relative died less…
26Siman 26 — The Custom of ComfortersSiman 26 · 14 seifim
- 1.It is a mitzvah to comfort mourners, and comforting…
- 2.On Shabbat and festivals, even though mourning is not…
- 3.Our custom is to say to mourners, "May you…
- 4.When wishing to comfort mourners after the Mincha and…
- 5.The current custom is to go comfort even during…
- 6.Comforters may not initiate conversation with the mourners, unless…
- 7.Men comfort men, and women comfort women. It is…
- 8.One who has no free time to go comfort…
- 9.One who has no time to go comfort the…
- 10.Some are careful that a person should not go…
- 11.Included in comforting mourners is that mourners should comfort…
- 12.One comforts non-Jewish mourners whenever this serves the purpose…
- 13.One going to comfort mourners should, as a good…
- 14.Some have the custom that a person stands at…
27Siman 27 — Not to Grieve Excessively Over the DeadSiman 27 · 9 seifim
- 1.One should not grieve excessively over the deceased, and…
- 2.This applies to ordinary people; but for Torah scholars,…
- 3.For the first three days, the mourner should feel…
- 4.Some refrain from taking trips where danger is common,…
- 5.One whose son died, and who did not weep…
- 6.When one member of a group dies, the entire…
- 7.Anyone who does not mourn as the Sages instructed…
- 8.One whose son or daughter has died should not…
- 9.One who scratches his body out of great grief…
28Siman 28 — Practices in the House of Mourning During the Seven DaysSiman 28 · 7 seifim
- 1.It is not proper to recite the Hashkavah formula…
- 2.The custom is to light an oil candle in…
- 3.Our custom is to light a memorial candle in…
- 4.It is possible to fulfill the custom of lighting…
- 5.Some have the custom that after a relative dies,…
- 6.The custom is to cover the mirrors in the…
- 7.Some have the custom not to take anything from…
29Siman 29 — The Order of Prayers in the House of MourningSiman 29 · 18 seifim
- 1.It is a mitzvah to pray in the house…
- 2.Some have the custom during the seven days of…
- 3.The current custom, when mourners cannot obtain a minyan…
- 4.A mourner for a father or mother should, as…
- 5.The custom of the Sephardim and Eastern communities is…
- 6.The mourner, even though forbidden to wear leather shoes,…
- 7.In the house of mourning, one should recite in…
- 8.The priestly blessing should be recited in the house…
- 9.Those praying in the house of mourning do not…
- 10.If there is no minyan in the house of…
- 11.One must recite the Kaddish "Titkabel" in the house…
- 12.One may be lenient to bring a Torah scroll…
- 13.It is permitted for the mourner to carry the…
- 14.The custom of the Sephardim is to recite Hallel…
- 15.Our custom is to recite the chapter "Bameh Madlikin"…
- 16.One should not recite the abbreviated seven-blessing formula ("Magen…
- 17.When the congregation prays in the house of mourning,…
- 18.It is permitted to recite Tzidduk HaDin during the…
30Siman 30 — Laws of Kaddish and Memorial Services (Azkarah)Siman 30 · 57 seifim
- 1.The custom of reciting Kaddish for the elevation of…
- 2.Although it has been explained that there is great…
- 3.One who refrains from reciting Kaddish during the twelve…
- 4.Even if the son was not raised in Torah…
- 5.One whose father or mother has died recites Kaddish…
- 6.Even in a leap year, the custom is as…
- 7.Therefore, one whose relative died in Adar I should…
- 8.One who is struck by a new mourning within…
- 9.If the anniversary of one's father's or mother's death…
- 10.If the anniversary of death falls on Shabbat, it…
- 11.The primary satisfaction a person brings to his parents…
- 12.The custom among several Eastern communities is that when…
- 13.The Sephardic custom is that all those obligated to…
- 14.When several people recite Kaddish together, and one of…
- 15.When two or three people recite Kaddish together, and…
- 16.Our custom is that the Kaddish before "Yotzer Or"…
- 17.Our custom is to recite the mourner's Kaddish before…
- 18.A minor mourning for a father or mother, over…
- 19.One who died without children, or whose children did…
- 20.One should not recite Kaddish in a cemetery if…
- 21.One who died leaving behind only daughters, even if…
- 22.One who died leaving behind no sons but only…
- 23.One who undertook to recite Kaddish for a person…
- 24.A woman who died without leaving behind a son…
- 25.A righteous convert (ger tzedek) whose non-Jewish father or…
- 26.It is permitted to recite Kaddish for the soul…
- 27.A Druze soldier in the army of the Holy…
- 28.A non-Jew who converted, whose non-Jewish wife died before…
- 29.One who took his own life, who has no…
- 30.One whose father was wicked and publicly desecrated Shabbat…
- 31.Some say that even if strangers perform mitzvot or…
- 32.All the customs performed for the elevation of the…
- 33.One who does not know exactly when his father…
- 34.One who does not know the day his father…
- 35.One whose son or daughter died is not obligated…
- 36.There is no obligation on a husband to recite…
- 37.One whose brother died, God protect us, and whose…
- 38.It has already been explained that the current custom…
- 39.One who died leaving behind secular children who certainly…
- 40.Although one should not explicitly announce a person's death,…
- 41.It is permitted to inform sons and daughters, while…
- 42.One who gave a gift to his fellow on…
- 43.If the son is a Torah scholar, it is…
- 44.While reciting Kaddish, it is proper to be stringent…
- 45.Anyone reciting Kaddish should wait briefly before continuing to…
- 46.One who was answering "Yehei Shemei Rabba Mevarach," and…
- 47.One reciting Kaddish must himself say "Yehei Shemei Rabba"…
- 48.Although according to Maran the Shulchan Aruch, Amen should…
- 49.It is proper to take three steps back at…
- 50.When a funeral procession is broadcast live in the…
- 51.One should say "b'alma di v'ra chir'utei," with the…
- 52.In the Kaddish, one should say "l'alam ul'almei almaya"…
- 53.One should say and intend the word "shemeh" without…
- 54.One should say in the Kaddish "le'eila min kol…
- 55.Some have the custom of saying, in the Kaddish…
- 56.During the Ten Days of Repentance, there is no…
- 57.One praying with Ashkenazim, who is within the twelve…
31Siman 31 — Laws of the Prayer Leader During the Year and on the YahrtzeitSiman 31 · 8 seifim
- 1.One who is decent and acceptable to the congregation,…
- 2.A son who serves as prayer leader during the…
- 3.One who does not know how to lead the…
- 4.One who has a yahrtzeit for his father or…
- 5.If one member of the congregation wishes to lead…
- 6.It is good and proper that even a mourner…
- 7.When there are several mourning brothers, there is no…
- 8.When there are two obligations to lead the prayer…
32Siman 32 — Laws of the Memorial Service and Customs of Reciting HashkavahSiman 32 · 11 seifim
- 1.One should not refrain from performing Hashkavah for the…
- 2.Those cantors who say "Menuchah Nechonah" "under the wings…
- 3.It is good to perform the Hashkavah mentioning the…
- 4.If one of the parents is renowned for his…
- 5.In the Hashkavah prayer, one should mention the deceased's…
- 6.One whose name was Eliyahu, who in his last…
- 7.There is doubt regarding a mourner for a father…
- 8.Some have the custom of reciting Hashkavot for the…
- 9.The custom of placing in the synagogue a marble…
- 10.A woman whose father died, and who afterward gives…
- 11.The custom in Jerusalem is to visit parents' graves…
33Siman 33 — A Mourner Should Not Leave the Doorway of His HouseSiman 33 · 3 seifim
- 1.A mourner should not leave the doorway of his…
- 2.One sitting shiva together with his brothers in his…
- 3.One sitting shiva together with his brothers in the…
34Siman 34 — The Law of Mourning on ShabbatSiman 34 · 14 seifim
- 1.On the eve of Shabbat within the seven days,…
- 2.On the Shabbat within the seven days of mourning,…
- 3.At the Ma'ariv prayer on Friday night, when praying…
- 4.A mourner dining on Shabbat recites the mourner's blessing…
- 5.It is forbidden to study Torah even on the…
- 6.When the congregation prays in the house of mourning,…
- 7.A mourner whose seventh day falls on Shabbat —…
- 8.When praying in the house of mourning at the…
- 9.One whose relative dies on Shabbat does not observe…
- 10.One whose relative died on Friday night — it…
- 11.One whose relative died on Shabbat, and who is…
- 12.Mourning is not displayed publicly on Shabbat; however, if…
- 13.At the close of Shabbat within the seven days…
- 14.Some say the mourner should not recite the verses…
35Siman 35 — The Mourner's Practices on the Seventh DaySiman 35 · 10 seifim
- 1.On the seventh day of mourning, after the Shacharit…
- 2.Immediately after the mourners rise from mourning in the…
- 3.The custom is to go up to the cemetery…
- 4.Kohanim too have the custom of going up to…
- 5.Mourners are permitted to have a small taste, or…
- 6.If the seventh day of mourning falls on Rosh…
- 7.On the night of the seventh day, it is…
- 8.On the night of the seventh day, when a…
- 9.The custom is to go up to the grave…
- 10.Even if the seventh day of mourning falls on…
36Siman 36 — Customs Relating to the Thirtieth DaySiman 36 · 6 seifim
- 1.In the Talmud, tractate Moed Katan, they said: three…
- 2.Some have the custom of holding a meal at…
- 3.If there is a need to hold the memorial…
- 4.Even if the thirtieth day falls on Chanukah or…
- 5.If the thirtieth day, or the anniversary day, falls…
- 6.A soldier killed on Sukkot, whose relatives received the…
37Siman 37 — The Law of Shaving and Combing for a MournerSiman 37 · 10 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden to get a haircut and…
- 2.It is permitted for a mourner to comb with…
- 3.In our places, where we have accepted the rulings…
- 4.According to our practice, having accepted the rulings of…
- 5.When the twenty-ninth day of mourning for one's father…
- 6.A groom within thirty days of his mourning who…
- 7.A mourner within thirty days of mourning for his…
- 8.Just as it is forbidden to shave throughout the…
- 9.If the thirtieth day falls on Shabbat, it is…
- 10.A woman whose immersion falls after the seven days,…
38Siman 38 — The Mourner Is Forbidden Joy During the Seven Days and the Twelve MonthsSiman 38 · 27 seifim
- 1.A mourner is forbidden joy: throughout the twelve months…
- 2.It is permitted for a mourner within the seven…
- 3.A mourner, throughout thirty days for other relatives, and…
- 4.One need not refrain from entering a new residence…
- 5.Our widespread custom is that even if mourners have…
- 6.A mourner to whom a son is born, with…
- 7.Likewise, the father of the son who is within…
- 8.The same law applies that a mourner recites Shehecheyanu…
- 9.The same applies regarding the reading of the Megillah…
- 10.A mourner who was sick for three days and…
- 11.It is proper that the mourner not recite the…
- 12.It is permitted to invite a mourner to wedding…
- 13.A woman mourning her father or mother — her…
- 14.Nowadays the custom is to remarry after one's wife…
- 15.A groom within thirty days of his mourning is…
- 16.An unmarried young man who has not yet fulfilled…
- 17.A mourning woman within her seven days of mourning,…
- 18.Parents of a groom or bride who are within…
- 19.The same law applies to the grandfather and grandmother…
- 20.A cantor who arrived from outside the Land to…
- 21.A Torah scholar within twelve months of mourning for…
- 22.An infant who was ill and whose brit milah…
- 23.A mourner within the seven days of mourning who…
- 24.Although the Rema wrote that the custom is not…
- 25.As a matter of strict law, according to our…
- 26.A mourner within twelve months is permitted to visit…
- 27.A mourner within twelve months for his father or…
39Siman 39 — The Mourner's Practices During the YearSiman 39 · 6 seifim
- 1.A person is obligated to honor his father and…
- 2.Some say that a person writing words of Torah…
- 3.One mentioning his mother's name after her passing, even…
- 4.Even during the first week of the twelfth month…
- 5.One mentioning his father after twelve months says "of…
- 6.Some have the custom of giving a mourner within…
40Siman 40 — Customs Relating to the Anniversary DaySiman 40 · 47 seifim
- 1.One should increase Torah study and charity, according to…
- 2.As a matter of strict law, it is permitted…
- 3.Some have the custom of holding a meal on…
- 4.For all customs of the anniversary day, one should…
- 5.One who was found dead at night in his…
- 6.It is permitted to recite Kaddish and Psalms at…
- 7.If there is no minyan of ten men at…
- 8.Some have the custom that on the anniversary day…
- 9.The custom of prostrating oneself at ancestors' graves has…
- 10.Those who vow to go to the cemetery —…
- 11.The custom is that one visiting the grave places…
- 12.When departing from the grave, one places his hand…
- 13.Some have the custom that when returning home from…
- 14.People say that one who has not visited his…
- 15.Some have the custom of fasting each year on…
- 16.Teachers of young children should not fast on the…
- 17.One must accept the fast upon himself at the…
- 18.Those who follow the custom of fasting on the…
- 19.Those who follow the custom of fasting on the…
- 20.A groom within his seven days of celebration, during…
- 21.One to whom a son is born, whose day…
- 22.One whose father or mother died on the 30th…
- 23.One whose father died in the month of Tevet…
- 24.If the anniversary day falls on Shabbat or a…
- 25.If the anniversary day falls during Chol HaMoed, one…
- 26.If the day of death falls on Rosh Chodesh,…
- 27.If the anniversary day falls in the month of…
- 28.If the anniversary of a father's or mother's death…
- 29.It has already been explained that if the anniversary…
- 30.It is permitted to hold a memorial gathering with…
- 31.Some say a person must observe all the customs…
- 32.On the deceased's yahrtzeit, one prays for the elevation…
- 33.Some have the custom of lighting a memorial candle…
- 34.If the anniversary day of one's father and mother…
- 35.If the anniversary day falls on Shabbat, the memorial…
- 36.One who forgot to recite Kaddish on the anniversary…
- 37.If the anniversary day falls on a day when…
- 38.It is preferable to go up to the Torah…
- 39.The Sephardic custom is that the one who goes…
- 40.A son whose father fell in war, and likewise…
- 41.Some say that on the yahrtzeit, if one mentions…
- 42.It has already been explained that the primary satisfaction…
- 43.One whose parents have died should make more effort…
- 44.Even one whose father was a great righteous person,…
- 45.On the actual day of a festival, some forbid…
- 46.One who died in the United States on a…
- 47.When there is only one Kohen in the synagogue,…
41Siman 41 — When One Must Heed the Deceased's Instructions Given Before DeathSiman 41 · 5 seifim
- 1.One whose parents are alive, who wishes to recite…
- 2.A son whose parents are alive is permitted to…
- 3.One who instructed his sons before his death that…
- 4.If the father instructed his sons to do something…
- 5.One who instructed one of his sons specifically to…
42Siman 42 — Laws of Mourning During a Festival and Chol HaMoedSiman 42 · 35 seifim
- 1.One whose relative died before a festival, and was…
- 2.Even though the festival removes the decree of shiva…
- 3.A woman who accepted upon herself the sanctity of…
- 4.One whose relative died on the eve of a…
- 5.One who buries his deceased before the festival and…
- 6.An onen on a festival whose deceased has not…
- 7.One whose relative died on the first night of…
- 8.One whose relative died on a festival or during…
- 9.During the seven days of the festival, some say…
- 10.The rabbis of Jerusalem, may it be rebuilt and…
- 11.One whose relative dies in the middle of the…
- 12.Even women do not observe mourning during a festival,…
- 13.If one dies during the festival, a candle should…
- 14.The custom of Jerusalem, may it be rebuilt and…
- 15.The custom of Jerusalem, even for Sephardim, is not…
- 16.One whose relative died before the festival, who inadvertently…
- 17.One whose relative dies during a festival, who begins…
- 18.In a year when the seventh day of Pesach…
- 19.One who was killed on Sukkot, whose relatives received…
- 20.One who observed mourning for one hour before the…
- 21.One whose relative died during Chol HaMoed of Sukkot…
- 22.We have already explained that a mourner for his…
- 23.A mourner for his father or mother, whose thirty…
- 24.One who sees a cemetery on a festival or…
- 25.The widespread custom outside the Land is not to…
- 26.If he buried his deceased seven days before the…
- 27.For other relatives, if the eighth day after the…
- 28.One who observed mourning for one hour before the…
- 29.One who observed mourning for one hour before Rosh…
- 30.One who observed mourning for one hour before Yom…
- 31.When a festival falls on Shabbat, since it is…
- 32.One who buries his deceased during Chol HaMoed observes…
- 33.If the deceased died several days close to the…
- 34.One who received a distant report about his father…
- 35.One should not arouse mourning for his deceased thirty…
43Siman 43 — The Mourner's Practices in the Annual CycleSiman 43 · 6 seifim
- 1.It is permitted to fast on the anniversary of…
- 2.Some say it is permitted for a mourner on…
- 3.It is permitted to fast during the days of…
- 4.A mourner within twelve months for his father and…
- 5.It has already been explained that on the anniversary…
- 6.If the day of death falls on Rosh Chodesh,…
+The Law of Mourning on ChanukahThe Law of Mourning on Chanukah · 1 seifim
Read this siman →+The Law of Mourning on PurimThe Law of Mourning on Purim · 12 seifim
- 1.Mourning is not observed publicly on Purim, but private…
- 2.Some say a mourner within twelve months for a…
- 3.Some say a mourner within twelve months for a…
- 4.A mourner who is poor is permitted to be…
- 5.A mourner within the seven days is obligated to…
- 6.One who is a mourner within twelve months for…
- 7.A mourner who is an expert musician, skilled with…
- 8.One whose relative, among the seven for whom one…
- 9.Some say the onen on Purim day is obligated…
- 10.If the deceased is buried on the night of…
- 11.The mourner is obligated in all the mitzvot of…
- 12.It has already been explained that one does not…
44Siman 44 — The Law of Mourning for a GroomSiman 44 · 8 seifim
- 1.A groom who married and afterward one of his…
- 2.A groom whose father or mother died in the…
- 3.It is permitted for a mourning groom to engage…
- 4.In an actual case involving a groom who married,…
- 5.A groom within his seven days of celebration, whose…
- 6.A mourning bride who is due to marry after…
- 7.A groom for whom the chuppah was performed and…
- 8.A groom within thirty days of his mourning, who…
45Siman 45 — Laws of BurialSiman 45 · 15 seifim
- 1.One who places his deceased in a casket without…
- 2.The deceased is placed on his back with his…
- 3.Two deceased persons should not be buried side by…
- 4.A wicked person should not be buried next to…
- 5.A Jewish Torah scholar and God-fearing man who purchased…
- 6.It is forbidden to bury a non-Jew, male or…
- 7.A plot in which stillborn fetuses or young children…
- 8.An old cemetery that has become full of graves,…
- 9.A sick person who had a wound on his…
- 10.One whose leg became diseased and developed gangrene, requiring…
- 11.In some places, the custom is that in a…
- 12.A Jewish cemetery outside the Land, where the chevra…
- 13.One buries deceased non-Jews for the sake of peaceful…
- 14.Regarding the scandal in which, through the deceit of…
- 15.A widow who remarried, having children from both husbands,…
46Siman 46 — In What Garments the Deceased Is Buried, and the Laws of Ritual PurificationSiman 46 · 3 seifim
- 1.The custom is to bury in white shrouds (tachrichim),…
- 2.In places where the chevra kadisha cannot find Jewish…
- 3.Some say that regarding a niddah woman who died,…
47Siman 47 — The Law of Kilayim and Tzitzit for the DeadSiman 47 · 2 seifim
- 1.It is permitted to make shrouds for the deceased…
- 2.The current custom in the holy city of Jerusalem…
48Siman 48 — Circumcising an Infant Before BurialSiman 48 · 3 seifim
- 1.An infant who died — before he is buried,…
- 2.A deceased person is not carried out on a…
- 3.Some say that if the deceased was about six…
49Siman 49 — One Who Says "Do Not Bury Me"Siman 49 · 2 seifim
Read this siman →50Siman 50 — Laws of the HeadstoneSiman 50 · 11 seifim
- 1.Some have the custom of making the headstone only…
- 2.Those who spend great sums of money for building…
- 3.One should not write exaggerated praises about the deceased…
- 4.One who instructed his sons that after his death…
- 5.If a son replaces his father's headstone, he is…
- 6.It is clear that it is not proper to…
- 7.If one transgressed and wrote the secular date on…
- 8.The headstone should be inscribed in Hebrew script, not…
- 9.A widow who remarried, whose sons, after her death,…
- 10.One should not place the deceased's photograph on the…
- 11.A headstone on a grave that was replaced by…
51Siman 51 — The Prohibition of Benefiting from a Grave, a Headstone, and the LikeSiman 51 · 5 seifim
- 1.A deceased person's casket brought from outside the Land…
- 2.Ancient silver plates, or objects of silver or gold…
- 3.As a matter of strict law, it is permitted…
- 4.A grave from which the deceased's bones were removed…
- 5.Trees planted near the graves of Muslim "saints" have…
52Siman 52 — The Prohibition of Relocating the DeadSiman 52 · 18 seifim
- 1.It is forbidden to relocate the deceased to another…
- 2.Likewise, a woman who purchased a grave next to…
- 3.One who died outside the Land — it is…
- 4.Even righteous people who died and were buried outside…
- 5.It is a great mitzvah to attend to bringing…
- 6.It is a great mitzvah upon a son to…
- 7.A tourist who came to visit the Land, and…
- 8.However, a woman who came to the Land for…
- 9.It is forbidden to open a deceased person's grave,…
- 10.One who was buried in a cemetery in the…
- 11.A Jewish cemetery in which three Jews are buried,…
- 12.In a place where the non-Jewish government requires the…
- 13.A place where two graves are located near a…
- 14.A cemetery outside the Land that is gradually filling…
- 15.It is absolutely forbidden to remove the bones of…
- 16.A grave that is not well preserved, where there…
- 17.One who instructed at the time of his death…
- 18.Regarding the scandal that occurred, due to our many…
53Siman 53 — The Prohibition of Benefiting from a Deceased PersonSiman 53 · 9 seifim
- 1.A deceased person is forbidden for benefit, and likewise…
- 2.The plastic surgery that doctors have recently developed, removing…
- 3.Later authorities have already cried out against worthless physicians…
- 4.The ashes of those who were cremated are also…
- 5.A pacemaker implanted in a person's heart may be…
- 6.Archaeologists excavating in the non-Jewish cemetery of ancient Babylon…
- 7.One should not be stringent to refrain from using…
- 8.The deceased's clothes may be given to others to…
- 9.The deceased's tefillin may be given to another person…
54Siman 54 — Practices of the Chevra KadishaSiman 54 · 4 seifim
- 1.One who inadvertently killed a person, and who has…
- 2.A chevra kadisha that wishes to wear black in…
- 3.In some places, the custom is that the chevra…
- 4.A cemetery where several deceased have already been buried,…
55Siman 55 — The Law of Tzitzit in the CemeterySiman 55 · 8 seifim
- 1.It is permitted to enter a cemetery wearing a…
- 2.Some have the custom of tying together the two…
- 3.One who enters within four cubits of a deceased…
- 4.In a place where the custom is to remove…
- 5.It has already been explained above that the current…
- 6.It is forbidden to carry a Torah scroll in…
- 7.If one studies Mishnayot or recites Psalms for the…
- 8.It is permitted to pray in the Cave of…
56Siman 56 — The Law of One Who Takes His Own LifeSiman 56 · 4 seifim
- 1.One who takes his own life, even if he…
- 2.One who took his own life — it is…
- 3.It is clear that a ba'al teshuvah (penitent) is…
- 4.Water in the vicinity of the death of one…
57Siman 57 — The Law of the Warning Against a Kohen's Ritual ImpuritySiman 57 · 10 seifim
- 1.A Kohen is forbidden to enter a cemetery, and…
- 2.Kohanim buried within the general cemetery, without a separate…
- 3.Kohanim should not become impure for their relatives unless…
- 4.A passenger train traveling from city to city, which…
- 5.Although Kohanim should be warned not to become impure…
- 6.It is forbidden for Kohanim to visit the graves…
- 7.It is permitted for a Kohen to become impure…
- 8.A Kohen who wishes to study at a medical…
- 9.A Kohen working at a hospital as a nurse,…
- 10.The pregnant wife of a Kohen, whose time to…
58Siman 58 — A Near Report and a Distant ReportSiman 58 · 15 seifim
- 1.One who hears a distant report about a father…
- 2.One who hears a distant report after thirty days…
- 3.One who hears a distant report — meaning after…
- 4.One who hears the report on the thirtieth day…
- 5.One who hears a near report during twilight (bein…
- 6.One who hears a report that his relative, among…
- 7.One who received a report that his relative died,…
- 8.One who hears a report, with doubt whether it…
- 9.One who received a report of doubtful status —…
- 10.One whose relative died in the United States, with…
- 11.One who was informed that his relative, for whom…
- 12.One who hears a near report — meaning he…
- 13.One who died on Sunday and was buried on…
- 14.One who returns home after being away for several…
- 15.Anyone who observed some mourning practices upon a near…
59Siman 59 — Laws of Gathering Bones: Mourning on the Day the Deceased Is TransferredSiman 59 · 4 seifim
- 1.Soldiers killed in war, buried in a casket in…
- 2.Fallen soldiers killed in war — may the Lord…
- 3.One who went missing in war, and after some…
- 4.In every case of "gathering bones" requiring the relatives…